Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury
Disease/ Disorder Definition Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) refers to a trauma to the spinal cord leading to impaired motor, sensory, and/or autonomic function. Etiology Causes of traumatic SCI include the following: Automobile accidents Violence such as gunshots or penetrating […]
Spinal Cord Injury Without Radiological Abnormality
[…] prevention Age: 90% of documented cases of SCIWORA are in children < 18yo. The incidence of SCIWORA in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) varies significantly because of variations in how SCIWORA is defined and varying levels of awareness of this entity. […]
Spinal Cord Injury – Related Pain
Disease/ Disorder Definition One of the most frequently occurring physical sequelae following spinal cord injury (SCI) is persistent pain. Taxonomies for pain after spinal cord injury are available.1,2 These taxonomies have commonality, defining pain by location with respect to the level of […]
Autonomic Dysreflexia in Spinal Cord Injury
Disease/ Disorder Definition Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) in spinal cord injury (SCI) is a potentially life-threatening syndrome which results from a response to stimuli below the neurologic level of injury (NLI) resulting in a sympathetic nervous system response below the NLI, with compensatory […]
Pediatric Spinal Cord Tumors
Disease/ Disorder Definition Spinal cord tumors are rare central nervous system (CNS) tumors that involve the primary spinal cord, spinal meninges, or cauda equina. Unlike in adults, spinal cord tumors in children are usually primary tumors, not metastases. Etiology Multifactorial […]
Infectious Disorders of the Spinal Cord
[…] upper and lower extremities, assessment of major reflexes, gait assessment, and sensory examination. An International Standards for Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury (ISNCSCI) examination should be performed if there is suspicion or clinical findings suggestive of spinal cord involvement.8 Tenderness to […]
Assessment/Determination of Spinal Column Stability
[…] M, Schnake K, Bellabarba C, Reinhold M, Aarabi B, Kandziora F, Chapman J, Shanmuganathan R, Fehlings M, Vialle L; AOSpine Spinal Cord Injury & Trauma Knowledge Forum. AOSpine thoracolumbar spine injury classification system: fracture description, neurological status, and key modifiers. Spine (Phila […]
Spinal Tumors
[…] Subacute: Pain and/or neurologic deficits will progressively worsen with continued tumor growth. Chronic/stable: If the tumor continues to grow, irreversible spinal cord injury, including paralysis, bowel and bladder incontinence, and loss of sensation below the level of the tumor could result. Pre-terminal: […]
Overuse Injuries in Disorders of the Central Nervous System
Disease/ Disorder Definition Overuse injury is an injury without a specific event associated with the onset of the injury and mostly results from cumulative tissue damage. As a result, the musculoskeletal system relies on overload of other structures to avoid […]
Pediatric Anoxic Brain Injury
Disease/ Disorder Definition Anoxic brain injury (ABI) is a decline in brain function due to a disruption of the oxygen supply to the brain. This can occur in the presence or absence of adequate blood supply and can be caused […]